Data and Reproducibility

1. Policy Statement

Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku (JIP) is committed to promoting transparency, research integrity, methodological rigor, reproducibility, and responsible management of research data in psychology and behavioral sciences.

The journal recognizes that access to reliable research information, appropriate documentation, and transparent analytical procedures is essential for evaluating scientific findings and supporting the advancement of knowledge.

This policy has been developed with reference to the Core Practices and relevant guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), particularly those concerning data and reproducibility, ethical oversight, intellectual property, and research integrity.

Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku encourages authors to make research data, analytical procedures, instruments, and supporting materials available when ethically, legally, and practically appropriate.

However, the journal recognizes that unrestricted data sharing may not be appropriate for research involving sensitive psychological information, identifiable participant records, confidential interviews, clinical assessments, or other protected information.

The protection of research participants, confidentiality obligations, applicable laws, and legitimate intellectual property rights must be respected.

2. Scope of the Policy

This policy applies to all research manuscripts submitted to Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku, including quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, experimental, observational, psychometric, and other empirical studies.

It covers:

• Research data collection and documentation.

• Data accuracy and integrity.

• Research methodology and reproducibility.

• Statistical analysis and analytical transparency.

• Research instruments and measurement procedures.

• Data availability and responsible sharing.

• Data storage, preservation, and retention.

• Participant confidentiality and data protection.

• Research data corrections and post-publication inquiries.

The requirements of this policy should be interpreted in accordance with the characteristics of each research design and the ethical obligations associated with the study.

3. Research Data Integrity

Authors are responsible for ensuring that research data are collected, recorded, processed, analyzed, and reported accurately.

Research findings must reflect the evidence obtained through legitimate research procedures.

The journal prohibits fabrication, falsification, deliberate misrepresentation, and inappropriate manipulation of research data.

Examples of unacceptable practices include:

• Inventing survey responses or research participants.

• Fabricating interview transcripts or observation records.

• Altering psychological assessment scores without legitimate methodological justification.

• Manipulating datasets to produce predetermined findings.

• Misrepresenting statistical analyses.

• Omitting relevant observations or results in a misleading manner.

• Presenting simulated or artificially generated data as authentic empirical observations without appropriate disclosure.

Legitimate data cleaning, exclusion of invalid responses, transformation of variables, and statistical adjustments are permitted when methodologically justified and transparently reported.

Authors must maintain sufficient documentation to explain significant data processing decisions.

4. Research Methodology and Reproducibility

Authors must describe their research methods clearly and in sufficient detail to allow readers and other researchers to evaluate the validity of the findings.

Where applicable, manuscripts should report:

1. Research objectives and hypotheses.

2. Research design and methodological approach.

3. Study setting and research context.

4. Population and sampling procedures.

5. Sample size and its justification.

6. Participant inclusion and exclusion criteria.

7. Research instruments and measurement procedures.

8. Data collection procedures.

9. Data processing and analytical methods.

10. Ethical approval and informed consent procedures.

11. Methodological limitations.

For quantitative studies, authors should provide sufficient information to support appropriate verification or replication of analytical procedures.

For qualitative studies, authors should describe the research context, participant selection, data collection, analytical approach, and measures taken to support the credibility and trustworthiness of the findings.

Reproducibility does not necessarily require identical findings across different contexts, particularly in psychological and behavioral research involving complex human experiences and social environments.

5. Quantitative Research Data

Authors conducting quantitative research are expected to report data collection and analytical procedures transparently.

Where relevant, manuscripts should include:

• Operational definitions of variables.

• Measurement scales and scoring procedures.

• Sample characteristics.

• Descriptive statistics.

• Statistical assumptions and diagnostic procedures.

• Statistical tests and estimation methods.

• Effect sizes and confidence intervals, where appropriate.

• Procedures for managing missing data.

• Criteria for excluding observations.

• Software and relevant analytical settings.

Statistical results must be reported accurately and consistently.

Authors should avoid selective reporting that creates a misleading representation of research outcomes.

Where appropriate, authors are encouraged to share analysis scripts, statistical syntax, or other materials that facilitate verification of reported findings.

6. Qualitative Research Data

Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku recognizes that qualitative research often involves contextual, sensitive, and potentially identifiable information.

Authors conducting qualitative studies should provide transparent descriptions of:

• Research approach and theoretical orientation.

• Participant recruitment and selection.

• Interview, observation, or other data collection procedures.

• Data recording and transcription.

• Coding and analytical processes.

• Development of themes or interpretations.

• Researcher reflexivity, where relevant.

• Strategies for establishing credibility and trustworthiness.

• Ethical safeguards and confidentiality measures.

Authors should retain appropriate documentation of analytical decisions when ethically permissible.

Full interview transcripts, field notes, audio recordings, and other identifiable qualitative materials should not be made publicly available when disclosure could compromise participant confidentiality or violate consent agreements.

Where appropriate, authors may provide anonymized excerpts, coding frameworks, or methodological documentation to support evaluation of the research.

7. Mixed-Methods Research

For studies combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, authors should explain the rationale for integrating different methods.

Manuscripts should describe:

1. The overall mixed-methods design.

2. The sequence or relationship between research components.

3. Quantitative and qualitative data collection procedures.

4. Analytical methods used for each component.

5. Procedures for integrating findings.

6. The contribution of integration to the study's conclusions.

Data management and sharing arrangements must account for the ethical requirements of both quantitative and qualitative research.

8. Psychological Instruments and Measurement Validity

Research involving psychological tests, questionnaires, behavioral scales, observational instruments, or other measurement tools must provide sufficient information for readers to evaluate measurement quality.

Where applicable, authors should report:

• Instrument name and purpose.

• Theoretical constructs being measured.

• Number of items or measurement dimensions.

• Scoring procedures.

• Relevant evidence of validity.

• Reliability estimates or other indicators of measurement precision.

• Language adaptation and cultural validation procedures.

• Relevant information about instrument permissions.

Authors must not claim that an instrument is valid or reliable solely because it has been used in previous studies.

Evidence supporting measurement quality should be appropriate to the population, context, and intended interpretation of scores.

When adapting or translating instruments, authors should describe the procedures used and report relevant evaluation results.

The use and reproduction of proprietary psychological instruments must comply with applicable intellectual property and licensing requirements.

9. Data Availability and Sharing

Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku encourages responsible sharing of research data and supporting materials when doing so is compatible with ethical obligations, participant consent, legal requirements, and legitimate intellectual property restrictions.

Data sharing may include:

• Anonymized datasets.

• Statistical analysis scripts.

• Coding frameworks.

• Research protocols.

• Non-restricted questionnaires.

• Supplementary methodological documentation.

• Other materials supporting the reported findings.

Authors should not publicly release identifiable participant information or restricted materials without appropriate authorization.

The journal recognizes that certain research data may be unsuitable for public distribution.

Where unrestricted sharing is not appropriate, authors may describe the reasons for restricted access and indicate whether a lawful and ethically appropriate access arrangement is available.

10. Data Availability Statement

Authors should provide a Data Availability Statement describing whether and how the data supporting the study may be accessed.

The statement should accurately reflect the availability of the research data and any applicable restrictions.

10.1 Publicly Available Data

"The datasets supporting the findings of this study are publicly available in [Repository Name] at [Persistent Identifier or URL]."

10.2 Data Available Upon Reasonable Request

"The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to applicable ethical, confidentiality, and institutional restrictions."

10.3 Restricted Data

"The datasets generated and/or analyzed during this study are not publicly available due to participant confidentiality, informed consent conditions, and applicable ethical restrictions."

10.4 Data Included in the Article

"All data necessary to support the findings of this study are included in the article and its supplementary materials."

10.5 No New Empirical Data

"No new empirical datasets were generated or analyzed in this study."

Authors must select or adapt the statement that accurately describes their research.

A Data Availability Statement must not promise access to information that the authors are not legally or ethically authorized to disclose.

11. Research Data Repositories

Where appropriate, authors are encouraged to deposit shareable research data and supporting materials in established institutional or disciplinary repositories.

Suitable repositories should provide appropriate mechanisms for:

• Persistent identification of deposited materials.

• Access management.

• Metadata documentation.

• Long-term accessibility.

• Version control.

• Citation of research data.

• Ethical and legal protection where necessary.

Authors should ensure that the selected repository is appropriate for the sensitivity and accessibility requirements of the data.

Depositing data in a repository does not remove the authors' responsibilities regarding participant confidentiality, consent, or intellectual property.

12. Participant Privacy and Confidentiality

Research involving human participants must protect personal information and respect applicable ethical requirements.

Psychological and behavioral research may involve sensitive information concerning:

• Mental health and psychological well-being.

• Emotional experiences.

• Personal relationships.

• Family circumstances.

• Educational and employment experiences.

• Behavioral characteristics.

• Clinical histories.

• Other private or potentially identifying information.

Authors must not disclose identifiable information without appropriate authorization.

Data anonymization or de-identification should be applied when appropriate, but authors must recognize that removing direct identifiers does not always eliminate re-identification risks.

Particular caution is required when handling small samples, detailed case descriptions, interview transcripts, or combinations of demographic characteristics that could reveal participant identities.

13. Informed Consent and Data Sharing

Consent for research participation does not automatically constitute consent for unrestricted public sharing of research data.

Authors must ensure that proposed data sharing arrangements are compatible with the information provided to participants and with applicable ethical approvals or exemptions.

Where relevant, consent documentation should address:

• The purpose of data collection.

• Intended research uses.

• Potential secondary uses.

• Data storage arrangements.

• Confidentiality protections.

• Whether data may be shared with other researchers.

• Applicable access restrictions.

When existing consent does not authorize public disclosure, authors must not release identifiable or otherwise restricted data merely to satisfy publication transparency expectations.

14. Data Storage, Security, and Retention

Authors and their institutions are responsible for implementing appropriate safeguards for research data.

Data management practices should consider:

• Secure storage.

• Access controls.

• Protection against unauthorized disclosure.

• Appropriate backup arrangements.

• Documentation of data processing.

• Protection against accidental loss or alteration.

• Applicable institutional retention requirements.

• Secure disposal when retention is no longer required or permitted.

The journal does not impose a universal retention period for all research data.

Authors must comply with applicable institutional policies, funding agreements, ethical approvals, and legal requirements.

The journal may request appropriate supporting documentation when credible questions arise about the integrity of reported findings.

15. Data Verification and Editorial Assessment

During editorial assessment or peer review, editors may request clarification concerning research data, methodological procedures, statistical analyses, or supporting documentation.

Such requests must be proportionate to the purpose of the assessment and consistent with applicable confidentiality and ethical restrictions.

Where appropriate, authors may be asked to provide:

• Anonymized supporting data.

• Statistical analysis outputs.

• Analytical scripts.

• Research protocols.

• Instrument documentation.

• Clarification of data processing decisions.

• Relevant research integrity documentation.

Editors and reviewers must treat confidential information appropriately and must not use unpublished research data for personal or professional advantage.

The journal should not require disclosure of identifiable or legally restricted data when an appropriate alternative verification method is available.

16. Statistical Reporting and Analytical Transparency

Authors must report statistical analyses accurately and avoid misleading presentation of research findings.

Where applicable, manuscripts should distinguish between confirmatory and exploratory analyses.

Authors should describe relevant analytical decisions, including variable transformations, exclusion criteria, missing-data treatment, and multiple-comparison procedures.

Results should not be selectively reported solely because they are statistically significant or support a preferred hypothesis.

Non-significant findings, contradictory evidence, and relevant limitations should be reported when necessary for an accurate interpretation of the research.

The journal encourages clear reporting of effect sizes, uncertainty estimates, and practical or theoretical significance where appropriate.

17. Research Registration and Protocol Transparency

Where relevant to the study design, authors are encouraged to register research protocols, hypotheses, or analytical plans before data collection or analysis.

Preregistration may support transparency by distinguishing planned analyses from exploratory investigations.

When a study has been registered, authors should provide the registration information and disclose material deviations from the registered protocol.

The journal recognizes that preregistration may not be appropriate or necessary for every type of psychological or behavioral research.

Requirements for specific study registration, including applicable clinical trial registration, are addressed in the journal's relevant author and research ethics policies.

18. Reuse of Existing Datasets

Authors using secondary datasets must ensure that the data have been obtained and used lawfully and ethically.

Manuscripts should identify the source of the dataset and provide appropriate acknowledgment or citation.

Authors must comply with applicable data access agreements, licensing restrictions, confidentiality requirements, and conditions of use.

Where relevant, authors should explain:

• The original purpose of data collection.

• The suitability of the dataset for the present research.

• Data selection and processing procedures.

• Limitations affecting interpretation.

• Ethical or legal restrictions on reuse.

Previously published data must not be misrepresented as newly collected original data.

19. Artificial Intelligence and Research Data

The use of artificial intelligence and automated analytical tools must not compromise research integrity, transparency, or participant confidentiality.

Authors remain responsible for verifying data processing, statistical analyses, and interpretations generated or assisted by automated systems.

AI-generated or simulated data must not be represented as authentic observations from human participants.

Where AI tools materially influence data generation, analysis, interpretation, or reporting, their use should be disclosed in accordance with the journal's Generative AI Policy.

Confidential participant information must not be uploaded to external AI services without appropriate authorization, lawful grounds, and adequate data protection safeguards.

20. Errors, Corrections, and Post-Publication Concerns

Authors must notify the editorial office when significant errors are identified in published research data, analyses, or findings.

The journal will evaluate the nature and consequences of the concern.

Possible editorial actions include:

Correction: When an error can be remedied without invalidating the article's principal findings or conclusions.

Expression of Concern: When serious questions about data integrity or reliability remain unresolved.

Retraction: When the findings or conclusions can no longer be relied upon, or when other grounds for retraction are established.

Editorial decisions will be guided by relevant COPE guidance, including the COPE Retraction Guidelines.

The purpose of post-publication correction is to maintain an accurate and trustworthy scholarly record.

21. Suspected Data Misconduct

Allegations involving fabricated, falsified, manipulated, or misrepresented research data will be handled under the journal's Allegations of Misconduct Policy.

The editorial team may request relevant documentation, seek clarification from authors, consult independent experts, or contact appropriate research institutions.

The journal will distinguish between honest methodological errors, legitimate scholarly disagreements, and potential research misconduct.

Editorial actions will be based on the available evidence and the impact of the concern on research integrity.

22. Responsibilities of Authors, Reviewers, and Editors

Authors

Authors are responsible for the accuracy, integrity, documentation, ethical management, and appropriate reporting of their research data.

Reviewers

Reviewers should assess the transparency and methodological adequacy of the reported research within their areas of expertise.

They must respect confidentiality and should identify material concerns about data reliability or analytical procedures when these arise during review.

Editors

Editors are responsible for considering credible concerns regarding research data and reproducibility and determining appropriate editorial responses.

Editors must balance the need for scholarly verification with participant protection, confidentiality, and applicable legal requirements.

23. Policy Review and Continuous Improvement

Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku will periodically review this policy to reflect developments in research methodology, data management, publication ethics, and relevant COPE guidance.

The journal will seek to maintain consistency between this policy, its Author Guidelines, Ethical Oversight Policy, Generative AI Policy, and post-publication correction procedures.

Material changes will be communicated through the journal website.

References

1. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Core Practices. https://publicationethics.org/core-practices

2. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Guidance and Resources. https://publicationethics.org/guidance

3. COPE Council. COPE Retraction Guidelines. Version 3, August 2025. https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.4

4. Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.12